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The All-African Peoples' Conference (AAPC) was a conference of political parties and other groups in the late 1950s and early 1960s in Africa. It was attended by delegates from independence movements in areas still under European colonial rule, as well as by delegates from the independent African countries, including representatives of the governing parties of some of those countries. In the Conference's own words, it was open to "all national political parties and national trade union congresses or equivalent bodies or organisations that subscribe to the aims and objects of the conference."〔AAPC amended Constitution, Article III. See Gott, Major and Warner, p, 349.〕 The Conference met three times: December 1958, January 1960, and March 1961; and had a permanent secretariat with headquarters in Accra. Its primary objectives were independence for the colonies; and strengthening of the independent states and resistance to neocolonialism. It tended to be more outspoken in its denunciations of colonialism than the Conference of Independent African States, a contemporary organisation which, being composed of heads of state, was relatively constrained by diplomatic caution. Immanuel Wallerstein says that the All-African Peoples' Conference was the "true successor to the Pan-African Congresses." The subject matter and attitudes of the Conference are illustrated by the following excerpt from its second meeting:
==First Conference: Accra, 5–13 December 1958== The first conference was preceded by a Preparatory Committee composed of representatives from the eight independent African states—other than South Africa. (They were Ethiopia, Ghana, Guinea, Liberia, Libya, Morocco, Tunisia, and the United Arab Republic.) The conference itself was attended by delegates from 28 African countries and colonies. The number of delegates was more than 300, and the conference claimed that they represented more than 200 million people from all parts of Africa. Tom Mboya, General Secretary of the Kenya Federation of Labour, was elected chairman. One important discussion was over the legitimacy and desirability of using violence against the colonial powers. It was agreed that violence would be necessary in some cases. Concerning the struggle in Algeria, full support was given to the recently proclaimed Provisional Republican Government (''Gouvernement Provisoire de la République Algérienne''—GPRA). On the Cameroon, the Conference supported the fight of the UPC maquis, demanding full amnesty and UN-sponsored elections. The Conference considered unity and solidarity to be key strategies in the fight against colonialism and economic domination after colonialism; it called for the establishment of Africa-wide organisations, including trade unions youth groups, and a Bureau of Liberatory Movements. It was at this meeting that the decision was made to establish a permanent secretariat at Accra. The first secretary-general was George Padmore, then living in Ghana. The following year, he died and was replaced by Guinea's Resident Minister in Ghana, Abdoulaye Diallo. Prominent persons at the first Conference included:〔Houser, ''No One Can Stop the Rain'' (1989), p. 70.〕 * Kwame Nkrumah, leader of the newly independent Ghana * Patrice Lumumba, who headed the Congolese delegation * Kenneth Kaunda of Zambia * Hastings Banda of the Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland (and later President of Malawi) * Holden Roberto, using the name Rui Ventura, of Angola International observers came from the Soviet Union (within the Soviet Afro-Asian Solidarity Committee) and the People's Republic of China. Congressman Charles Diggs was in attendance, but without support from the US government.〔Houser, ''No One Can Stop the Rain'' (1989), p. 71.〕 Slogans displayed by Ghanaians holding signs during the Conference:〔Houser, ''No One Can Stop the Rain'' (1989), p. 69.〕 * "Hands Off Africa" * "Africa Must Be Free" * "Down With Imperialism and Colonialism" * "We prefer independence with danger to servitude in tranquility" Wallerstein summarises by saying: "The impact of this and subsequent AAPC meetings on political awareness in Africa is difficult to measure, but nonetheless very real. The AAPC brought many African nationalist leaders into contact for the first time with others who had already won independence for their countries or were in active and violent struggle for it."〔Wallerstein, p. 34.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「All-African Peoples' Conference」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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